|
REVIEW ARTICLE |
|
Year : 2014 | Volume
: 4
| Issue : 1 | Page : 5-11 |
|
Risk of tumor cell seeding through biopsy and aspiration cytology |
|
K Shyamala, HC Girish, Sanjay Murgod
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Date of Web Publication | 6-May-2014 |
Correspondence Address: K Shyamala Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, No. 14, Ramohally Cross, Kumbalgodu, Mysore Road, Bengaluru - 560 060, Karnataka India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.129446
|
|
Abstract | | |
Cancer cells, besides reproducing uncontrollably, lose cohesiveness and orderliness of normal tissue, invade and get detached from the primary tumor to travel and set up colonies elsewhere. Dislodging neoplastically altered cells from a tumor during biopsy or surgical intervention or during simple procedure like needle aspiration is a possibility because they lack cohesiveness, and they attain the capacity to migrate and colonize. Considering the fact that, every tumor cell, is bathed in interstitial fluid, which drains into the lymphatic system and has an individualized arterial blood supply and venous drainage like any other normal cell in our body, inserting a needle or a knife into a tumor, there is a jeopardy of dislodging a loose tumor cell into either the circulation or into the tissue fluid. Tumor cells are easier to dislodge due to lower cell-to-cell adhesion. This theory with the possibility of seeding of tumor cells is supported by several case studies that have shown that after diagnostic biopsy of a tumor, many patients developed cancer at multiple sites and showed the presence of circulating cancer cells in the blood stream on examination. In this review, we evaluate the risk of exposure to seeding of tumor cells by biopsy and aspiration cytology and provide some suggested practices to prevent tumor cell seeding.
Keywords: Aspiration cytology, biopsy, cancer, metastasis, seeding
How to cite this article: Shyamala K, Girish H C, Murgod S. Risk of tumor cell seeding through biopsy and aspiration cytology. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent 2014;4:5-11 |
How to cite this URL: Shyamala K, Girish H C, Murgod S. Risk of tumor cell seeding through biopsy and aspiration cytology. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent [serial online] 2014 [cited 2022 May 28];4:5-11. Available from: https://www.jispcd.org/text.asp?2014/4/1/5/129446 |
Introduction | |  |
There are two common methods of obtaining tissue from a tumor or lesion for the microscopic examination and diagnosis. One is biopsy, which is the removal of living tissue by surgical means and the other is aspiration of cells from the tumor with the help of a fine-needle (fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC]). These procedures are associated with the risk of seeding tumor cells either into the interstitial tissue fluid from where they are carried to lymph nodes, or into the veins draining the tissue from where they enter the vasculature and may travel to lodge into any organ or tissue. There is also a risk of dragging cells along the surgical incision or needle track leading to the possibility of increasing the spread of cancer through biopsy. [1]
Cancer cells, besides reproducing uncontrollably, lose cohesiveness and orderliness of normal tissue, invade and get detached from the primary tumor to travel and set up colonies elsewhere. Dislodging neoplastically altered cells from a tumor during biopsy or surgical intervention or during simple procedure like needle aspiration is a possibility because they lack cohesiveness, and they attain the capacity to migrate and colonize. [1]
Every tumor cell is bathed in interstitial tissue fluid which drains into the lymphatic system and has an individualized arterial blood supply and venous drainage just like any other normal cell in our body. Whenever a needle for FNAC or scalpel for biopsy is inserted, the risk of dislodging a cell is high. The dislodged tumor cells may metastasize either through the blood stream or through the interstitial fluid. [1] Tumor cells are easier to dislodge due to lower cell-to-cell adhesion. [1] This theory with the possibility of seeding of tumor cells is supported by several case studies that have shown that after diagnostic biopsy of a tumor, many patients developed cancer at multiple sites and/or blood stream showed the presence of cancer cells. [2]
This review includes a review of articles from English literature and data from internet sources published between 1983 and 2012. In this review, we evaluate the risk of exposure to seeding of tumor cells by biopsy and aspiration cytology and provide some suggested practices to prevent tumor cell seeding.
Literature review | |  |
FNAC began to establish itself as the procedure in the 1950's and 1960' which is a technique of obtaining cells and tissue fragments through a needle introduced in to the abnormal tissue. Though, the low risk of complications is an advantage with FNAC, instances of complications have been reported in relation to different sites and organs, such as hemorrhage, septicemia, bile peritonoitis, acute pancreatitis, pneumothorax etc. [3] The most serious complication that evoked the interest of health care workers is the possibility of cancer cells being disseminated along the needle track.
Biopsy, a gold standard procedure in medical and dental fraternity, which involves removal of part of or whole of a lesion for microscopic or other investigative procedures has been seen to cause tumor cell seeding along the surgical margins and even dissemination to distant sites.
In 1974, in a book on cancer, Dr. Philip Rubin of the University of Rochester declared that surgical biopsies may contribute to the spread of cancer in some cases. [4]
John Wayne Cancer Institute of Santa Monica, CA conducted a study on 663 Breast Cancer women out of which half of the women underwent breast biopsies, while in the other half tumors were completely removed without performing biopsy. The result of the study was that compared with the women who had their tumors surgically removed there was 50% more chance of spread of cancer to sentinel node in those who had a needle biopsy. [4],[5]
There was an article published in July 2004, by The British Medical Journal and it cautioned against the risks of needle biopsies of the liver due to the serious potential for needle track seeding of the tumor. [3],[6]
A report published in March, 2007 in the journal nature described the inflammation associated with the immune system's attack on prostate tumors could be involved in their metastasis. [7] Dr. Micheal Karin found that an inflammatory cytokine called RANK ligand, initiates a chain reaction and activates IKKa a protein kinase, which enters the cancer cell nucleus and reduces the expression of the antimetastatic gene Maspin. [7] This report probably explains the molecular pathogenesis behind seeding of tumor cells, as inflammation definitely sets in when tissues are inserted with a needle or scalpel.
The authors reported a case of needle tract implantation of hepatocellular carcinoma following percutaneous biopsy of the liver. The patient with a small hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed by needle biopsy was found to have developed a nodule of hepatocellular carcinoma at the site of the previous biopsy, 8 months after the biopsy and the lobectomy. [8]
Lundstedt et al. reported 5 cases of percutaneous tumor seeding recorded after 5,000 fine-needle biopsies of abdominal malignancies at their institution. They suggested that in patients with abdominal malignancies, performing fine-needle biopsy runs the risk of implantation metastases, which may compromise the outcome of radical surgery. They also suggested that it should only be performed when the result of the procedure has a direct impact on the choice of therapy. [9]
Cedrone et al. and Goletti et al., Ishii et al. have reported cases of needle tract seeding after ethanol injection for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma shedding more light on the neoplastic cell seeding. [10],[11],[12]
Case reports during the period of 1993-2003 have established the possibility of subcutaneous seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous fine-needle aspiration. [13],[14],[15],[16],[17],[18],[19]
Further, risk of dissemination of cancer cells in to circulation after incisional biopsy of an oral cancer has been confirmed by Kusukawa et al. by means of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and they concluded that this may result in increased risk of metastasis. In contrast, CK19 transcript was not detected either in the excisional biopsy group or in controls. [20]
Rallis et al. in 2008 published their observation in 60 hamsters, which showed metastases following biopsy of oral carcinoma, which was reduced by an intratumoral administration of bleomycin prebiopsy. [21]
Liebens et al. reviewed (between 1900 and 2008) the clinical significance of epithelial cell displacement after core needle biopsy in breast carcinoma patients, and associated risk factors (delay between biopsy and surgery, needle passes, duration of the procedure, tumor size, histological type, tumor grade, margins, type of surgery, and of adjuvant treatment). In their study Malignant epithelial cell displacement on surgical specimens occurred in 22% of the patients. A short interval between core needle biopsy and surgical excision increased risk of detecting displaced cells. [22]
Supriya et al. have reported in 2008 the first case of tumor seeding after FNAC of a benign parotid tumor. [23]
Falleti et al. in 2010 reported a case of cutaneous needle track seeding of mesothelioma after thoracentesis was performed using a 22-gauge needle. [24]
Guralp and Kushner reviewed articles on dissemination of endometrial cancer cells during procedures such as hysteroscopy, saline infusion sonography and laparoscopy and said that the majority of studies suggest that they increase the risk of spill of tumor cells. They also suggested that there are too few in vivo and in vitro studies to comment definitively on the viability of the disseminated endometrial cancer cells. The limited data available, however, questions the ability of disseminated endometrial cancer cells to maintain and grow. [25]
Another group of researchers worked on risk of tumor incisional recurrence in patients receiving surgery and post-operative radiation therapy for locally advanced sinonasal malignancies. In their study, Medical records for 70 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic Stage II to Stage IV sinonasal malignancies were retrospectively reviewed and suggested that actuarial risk of incisional recurrence for the entire group at 1 year was 3%. [26]
Conners and Rilling have reported a case of tumor seeding in to pleural space following percutaneous cryoablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. [10],[27]
Kuo et al. reported a rare case of metastasis at the colostomy site after rectal cancer surgery probably occurred owing to ablative cancer cell reflux and seeding from the obstruction during decompressive colostomy rather than local, lymphatic or hematogenous spread. [28]
There is histological evidence of seeding of tumor cells from primary neoplastic site into adjacent breast tissue following biopsy. However, as the interval between biopsy and surgery lengthens then the incidence of seeding declines, which suggests that displaced tumor cells are not viable. [29]
Here is compilation of the results of various studies [Table 1] between 1983 and 2012.
Discussion | |  |
Tumor seeding, whereby malignant cells are deposited along the tract of a biopsy needle, can have fatal consequences. More than 90% of cancer-associated mortality may be attributed to metastasis. Once cancer cells in a tumor attain metastatic potential it is a great challenge to treatment as it is difficult for one to discern the extent of systemic involvement by the tumor cells even though the primary tumors can be removed by surgical resection, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Once in the circulation these metastatic seeds or the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) bring about dissemination to anatomically distant organs from a primary tumor. [40] Fortunately, tumor seeding is a rare occurrence, yet the issue invariably receives a high profile and is often regarded as a major contraindication to certain biopsy procedures. Although its existence is in no doubt, realistic insight into its likelihood across the spectrum of biopsy procedures and multiple anatomical sites is required to permit accurate patient counseling and risk stratification. [41]
We analyzed the data from [Table 1] and have drawn inference based on the compiled data and made an attempt to provide suggested practices to reduce the risk of tumor cell seeding. | Table 1: Compilation of the various studies and case reports showing tumor cell seeding
Click here to view |
Data in the table leads us to infer two key findings;
- Risks are specific to some tumors: [Figure 1] and [Figure 2] Breast cancers followed by liver malignancies with seeding complication have been reported more in literature may be relating to more risk with these tumor. In our review, 94% of breast cancers and 4% liver malignancies showed risk of seeding of tumor cells following biopsy or FNAC.
- Risks are localized to procedures:
- Excisional biopsy associated with less seeding risk than Incisional biopsy: a procedure in which a tumor mass is removed in toto should carry little risk of spread as in Excisional biopsy with wide margins. The main risks of serious spread will apply with incisional biopsies, where a small portion of the large tumor mass is incised to carry out investigation on the biopsy tissue to arrive at a proper diagnosis before carrying out a definitive treatment. [4],[42]
- Procedures in which cancer itself is penetrated.
- Improper handling of the tissue while making biopsy
- Core needle shows more seeding risk when compared to fine-needle (FNAC) use. [42]
- Repeated penetrations during needle procedure associated with increased seeding risk: Many a times to obtain sufficient amount of sample during needle biopsy for diagnosis the tumor may need to be penetrated several times. This repeated puncturing and manipulation inside the tumor mass with needle may seed tumor cells into the needle track and also may spill the cancerous cells directly in to the circulation. [2]
 | Figure 1: Bar chart showing risk of tumor cell seeding specific to type of tumor
Click here to view |
 | Figure 2: Piechart with percentage of risk of tumor cell seeding specific to type of tumor
Click here to view |
Suggested practices to prevent biopsy related tumor cell seeding
For any invasive procedure care needs to be taken during pre-operative, operative and post-operative stages to prevent tumor cell seeding. Hence, we discuss suggested practices given by various authors under these groups.
Pre-operative care
- Get a biopsy or surgery on days 18-20 of the menstrual cycle. [1]
- Avoid injecting local anesthesia into or closely adjacent to a lesion for biopsy.
Operative care
- While considering any surgical procedure for tumors a buffer of normal surrounding tissue should be included. This ensures complete removal as well as reduces the risk of seeding as the knife would not be cutting through the tumor mass. Here, few authors have suggested specifications for buffer for different tumors.
- Breast cancer should be removed with a buffer of 1 cm or more whenever possible. [2]
- Colon or stomach cancer, at least 5 cm of normal colon or stomach whenever anatomically possible. [2]
- Suspected melanoma of the skin, 1 cm of normal skin, and the subcutaneous tissues down to the muscle sheath needs to be removed. [2]
It is important to establish buffer margin for other malignancies with high recurrence rate.
- Avoid grasping a lymph node with forceps. [43]
Post-operative care
Strict follow-up of patients.
Suggested practices to prevent aspiration cytology related tumor cell seeding
Pre-operative care
- Needle of 22 gauge or less should be used. [3]
Operative care
- Multiple insertions to be avoided. [3]
- Practice computed tomography (CT) guided ultrasonography directed FNAC. [40]
- Coaxial cutting needle technique: Needle introducer remains in position during multiple cutting needle passes protects normal tissue along the tract and may reduce seeding. [44]
- Two-step freezing method, by use of percutaneous cryoablation after biopsy but before the removal of the biopsy needle. [45]
Post-operative care
- Radiation therapy can be given to kill any tumor cell that may have been dislodged and spread during the surgery. [1]
- Prophylactic surgical removal of the needle track. [1],[2]
- Periodical CT scans for 3 years after fine-needle aspiration biopsy. [41
There are few research work which may prove to be promising toward preventing tumor cell seeding:
- Identification of novel adhesion molecules and blocking their function can compromise successful seeding and colonization of CTCs in new microenvironment. [30]
- Neutralization of CTCs in the circulation. [30]
- Evaluation of disseminated cancer cells in to circulation after incisional biopsy using RT-PCR. [46]
Conclusion | |  |
This study is an attempt to establish seeding risk and bring awareness among patients as well as health care workers. Support from more number of articles and long term follow-up of patients in whom these procedures have been performed may substantiate the results with more authority.
There are very few published data which give us information on the total number of patients undergoing biopsy or the needle procedures in given period of time and among these how many are actually showing tumor cell seeding. Hospitals, health institutions and research workers should work toward providing this data, which in reality will let us know if 'seeding of tumor cells' is worth all the attention.
Biopsy and aspiration cytology are the gold standards for the diagnosis of any tumor. They are age old and time tested practices. Cultivating the suggested practices while performing these procedures may make them risk proof.
References | |  |
1. | Biopsy and surgery can spread cancer. Dr. Vincent Gammill Center for the Study of Natural Oncology (CSNO) Solana Beach, California. Available from: www.healingcancernaturally.com/biopsies-surgery-spread-cancer.html.  |
2. | Moran P. Cancer treatment watch. Do biopsies or surgical treatment spread cancer? Available from:http://www.cancertreatmentwatch.org/general/biopsies.shtml.  |
3. | Orell SR, Sterrette GF, Whitaker D. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology-Text Book. 4th ed. Churchill Livingstone, Published by Elsevier, Reed Elsevier India Private Ltd, New Delhi; 2005. p. 1-8.  |
4. | Hansen NM, Ye X, Grube BJ, Giuliano AE. Manipulation of the primary breast tumor and the incidence of sentinel node metastases from invasive breast cancer. Arch Surg 2004;139:634-9.  |
5. | Dangers of cancer spread from a biopsy. Available from: http://www.karlloren.com/biopsy/p46.htm. [Last Accessed in 2013 Jun 5].  |
6. | Available from: http://www.karlloren.com/biopsy/p31.htm. [Last Accessed in 2013 Jun 5].  |
7. | Luo JL, Tan W, Ricono JM, Korchynskyi O, Zhang M, Gonias SL, et al. Nuclear cytokine-activated IKKalpha controls prostate cancer metastasis by repressing Maspin. Nature 2007;446:690-4.  |
8. | Sakurai M, Okamura J, Seki K, Kuroda C. Needle tract implantation of hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous liver biopsy. Am J Surg Pathol 1983;7:191-5.  [PUBMED] |
9. | Lundstedt C, Stridbeck H, Andersson R, Tranberg KG, Andrén-Sandberg A. Tumor seeding occurring after fine-needle biopsy of abdominal malignancies. Acta Radiol 1991;32:518-20.  |
10. | Cedrone A, Rapaccini GL, Pompili M, Grattagliano A, Aliotta A, Trombino C. Neoplastic seeding complicating percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 1992;183:787-8.  |
11. | Goletti O, De Negri F, Pucciarelli M, Sidoti F, Bertolucci A, Chiarugi M, et al. Subcutaneous seeding after percutaneous ethanol injection of liver metastasis. Radiology 1992;183:785-6.  |
12. | Ishii H, Okada S, Okusaka T, Yoshimori M, Nakasuka H, Shimada K, et al. Needle tract implantation of hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous ethanol injection. Cancer 1998;82:1638-42.  |
13. | John TG, Garden OJ. Needle track seeding of primary and secondary liver carcinoma after percutaneous liver biopsy. HPB Surg 1993;6:199-203.  |
14. | Yamada N, Shinzawa H, Ukai K, Wakabayashi H, Togashi H, Takahashi T, et al. Subcutaneous seeding of small hepatocellular carcinoma after fine needle aspiration biopsy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1993;8:195-8.  |
15. | Vergara V, Garripoli A, Marucci MM, Bonino F, Capussotti L. Colon cancer seeding after percutaneous fine needle aspiration of liver metastasis. J Hepatol 1993;18:276-8.  |
16. | Abdelli N, Bouche O, Thiefin G, Renard P, Flament JB, Zeitoun P. Subcutaneous seeding on the tract of percutaneous cytologic puncture with a fine needle of a hepatic metastasis from colonic adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1994;18:652-6.  |
17. | chotman SN, De Man RA, Stoker J, Zondervan PE, Ijzermans JN. Subcutaneous seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous needle biopsy. Gut 1999;45:626-7.  |
18. | Takamori R, Wong LL, Dang C, Wong L. Needle-tract implantation from hepatocellular cancer: Is needle biopsy of the liver always necessary? Liver Transpl 2000;6:67-72.  |
19. | Liu C, Frilling A, Dereskewitz C, Broelsch CE. Tumor seeding after fine needle aspiration biopsy and percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Surg 2003;20:460-3.  |
20. | Kusukawa J, Suefuji Y, Ryu F, Noguchi R, Iwamoto O, Kameyama T. Dissemination of cancer cells into circulation occurs by incisional biopsy of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2000;29:303-7.  |
21. | Rallis G, Mourouzis C, Papakosta V, Donta I, Perrea D, Patsouris E, et al. Metastases following biopsy of oral carcinoma in hamsters and the role of local prebiopsy bleomycin. Anticancer Res 2008;28:2253-7.  |
22. | Liebens F, Carly B, Cusumano P, Van Beveren M, Beier B, Fastrez M, et al. Breast cancer seeding associated with core needle biopsies: A systematic review. Maturitas 2009;62:113-23.  |
23. | Supriya M, Denholm S, Palmer T. Seeding of tumor cells after fine needle aspiration cytology in benign parotid tumor: A case report and literature review. Laryngoscope 2008;118:263-5.  |
24. | Falleti J, Giordano M, Cozzolino I, Vetrani A, De Renzo A, Zeppa P. Cutaneous needle track seeding of mesothelioma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: A case report. Acta Cytol 2010;54:811-4.  |
25. | Guralp O, Kushner DM. Iatrogenic transtubal spill of endometrial cancer: Risk or myth. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:1209-21.  |
26. | Moore MG, Lin DT, Deschler DG, Wang JJ, Chan AW. Risk of incisional recurrence after midface and anterior skull base surgery in sinonasal malignancies. Skull Base 2011;21:87-92.  [PUBMED] |
27. | Conners D, Rilling W. Pleural tumor seeding following percutaneous cryoablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28:258-60.  |
28. | Kuo YH, Chin CC, Lee KF. Metastasis at the colostomy site: A rare case report. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2012;42:753-6.  |
29. | Loughran CF, Keeling CR. Seeding of tumour cells following breast biopsy: A literature review. Br J Radiol 2011;84:869-74.  |
30. | Hales MS, Hsu FS. Needle tract implantation of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid following aspiration biopsy. Acta Cytol 1990;34:801-4.  |
31. | Zerbey AL, Mueller PR, Dawson SL, Hoover HC Jr. Pleural seeding from hepatocellular carcinoma: A complication of percutaneous alcohol ablation. Radiology 1994;193:81-2.  |
32. | Ka MM, Dangou JM, Fall B, Pouye A, Ndiaye MF, Diop TM, et al. Tumor seeding of the abdominal wall after fine needle cytologic puncture of the liver. Apropos of a case. Ann Gastroenterol Hepatol (Paris) 1995;31:221-5.  |
33. | Jourdan JL, Stubbs RS. Percutaneous biopsy of operable liver lesions: Is it necessary or advisable? N Z Med J 1996;109:469-70.  |
34. | Dangou JM, Ka M, Fall B, Ndiaye MF, Diop TM, Bao O, et al. Tumor seeding of the abdominal wall after fine needle aspiration of a hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Pathol 1996;16:227-8.  [PUBMED] |
35. | Kanematsu M, Hoshi H, Takao H, Sugiyama Y. Abdominal wall tumor seeding at sonographically guided needle-core aspiration biopsy of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;169:1198-9.  [PUBMED] |
36. | de Sio I, Castellano L, Calandra M, Del Vecchio-Blanco C. Subcutaneous needle-tract seeding after fine needle aspiration biopsy of pancreatic liver metastasis. Eur J Ultrasound 2002;15:65-8.  |
37. | Inoue M, Honda O, Tomiyama N, Minami M, Sawabata N, Kadota Y, et al. Risk of pleural recurrence after computed tomographic-guided percutaneous needle biopsy in stage I lung cancer patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2011;91:1066-71.  |
38. | Scotti V, Di Cataldo V, Falchini M, Meattini I, Livi L, Ugolini D, et al. Isolated chest wall implantation of non-small cell lung cancer after fine-needle aspiration: A case report and review of the literature. Tumori 2012;98:126e-9.  |
39. | Hoorntje LE, Schipper ME, Kaya A, Verkooijen HM, Klinkenbijl JG, Borel Rinkes IH. Tumour cell displacement after 14G breast biopsy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2004;30:520-5.  |
40. | Li J, King MR. Adhesion receptors as therapeutic targets for circulating tumor cells. Front Oncol 2012;2:79.  |
41. | Robertson EG, Baxter G. Tumour seeding following percutaneous needle biopsy: The real story! Clin Radiol 2011;66:1007-14.  |
42. | Shinohara S, Yamamoto E, Tanabe M, Maetani T, Kim T. Implantation metastasis of head and neck cancer after fine needle aspiration biopsy. Auris Nasus Laryn×2001;28:377-80.  |
43. | Fortner JG. Inadvertent spread of cancer at surgery. J Surg Oncol 1993;53:191-6.  |
44. | Maturen KE, Nghiem HV, Marrero JA, Hussain HK, Higgins EG, Fox GA, et al. Lack of tumor seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous needle biopsy using coaxial cutting needle technique. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;187:1184-7.  |
45. | Mu F, Liu SP, Zhou XL, Chen JB, Li HB, Zuo JS, et al. Prevention of needle-tract seeding by two-step freezing after lung cancer biopsy. Pathol Oncol Res 2013;19:447-50.  |
46. | Dyavanagoudar S, Kale A, Bhat K, Hallikerimath S. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction study to evaluate dissemination of cancer cells into circulation after incision biopsy in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Indian J Dent Res 2008;19:315-9.  [PUBMED] |
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1] |
|
This article has been cited by | 1 |
VERDICT MRI for radiation treatment response assessment in neuroendocrine tumors |
|
| Lukas Lundholm, Mikael Montelius, Oscar Jalnefjord, Eva Forssell-Aronsson, Maria Ljungberg | | NMR in Biomedicine. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 2 |
Exosome-related protein CRABP2 is upregulated in ovarian carcinoma and enhances cell proliferation |
|
| Ning Li, Guocui Lin, Ying Zhang, Qingyu Zhang, Haitao Zhang | | Discover Oncology. 2022; 13(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 3 |
Raman Thermometry Nanopipettes in Cancer Photothermal Therapy |
|
| Dinh Nghi Ngo, Vuong Thi Thanh Xuan Ho, Gun Kim, Min Seok Song, Mi Ri Kim, Jaebum Choo, Sang-Woo Joo, So Yeong Lee | | Analytical Chemistry. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 4 |
A novel phage display based platform for exosome diversity characterization |
|
| Domenico Maisano, Selena Mimmi, Vincenzo Dattilo, Fabiola Marino, Massimo Gentile, Eleonora Vecchio, Giuseppe Fiume, Nancy Nisticň, Annamaria Aloisio, Maria Penelope de Santo, Giovanni Desiderio, Vincenzo Musolino, Saverio Nucera, Francesca Sbrana, Sebastiano Andň, Simone Ferrero, Andrea Morandi, Francesco Bertoni, Ileana Quinto, Enrico Iaccino | | Nanoscale. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 5 |
Real-time monitoring of drug pharmacokinetics within tumor tissue in live animals |
|
| Ji-Won Seo, Kaiyu Fu, Santiago Correa, Michael Eisenstein, Eric A. Appel, Hyongsok T. Soh | | Science Advances. 2022; 8(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 6 |
Blood-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Associated miR-3182 Detects Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients |
|
| Kekoolani S. Visan, Richard J. Lobb, Shu Wen Wen, Justin Bedo, Luize G. Lima, Sophie Krumeich, Carlos Palma, Kaltin Ferguson, Ben Green, Colleen Niland, Nicole Cloonan, Peter T. Simpson, Amy E. McCart Reed, Sarah J. Everitt, Michael P. MacManus, Gunter Hartel, Carlos Salomon, Sunil R. Lakhani, David Fielding, Andreas Möller | | Cancers. 2022; 14(1): 257 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 7 |
Prediction of Short and Long Survival after Surgery for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases |
|
| Anna Michel, Marvin Darkwah Oppong, Laurčl Rauschenbach, Thiemo Florin Dinger, Lennart Barthel, Daniela Pierscianek, Karsten H. Wrede, Jörg Hense, Christoph Pöttgen, Andreas Junker, Teresa Schmidt, Antonella Iannaccone, Rainer Kimmig, Ulrich Sure, Ramazan Jabbarli | | Cancers. 2022; 14(6): 1437 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 8 |
Multi-Omic Profiling of Multi-Biosamples Reveals the Role of Amino Acid and Nucleotide Metabolism in Endometrial Cancer |
|
| Runqiu Yi, Liying Xie, Xiaoqing Wang, Chengpin Shen, Xiaojun Chen, Liang Qiao | | Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 9 |
Novel approaches in search for biomarkers of cholangiocarcinoma |
|
| Lavinia-Patricia Mocan, Maria Ilie?, Carmen Stanca Melincovici, Mihaela Spârchez, Rare? Craciun, Iuliana Nenu, Adelina Horhat, Cristian Tefas, Zeno Spârchez, Cristina Adela Iuga, Tudor Mocan, Carmen Mihaela Mihu | | World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2022; 28(15): 1508 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 10 |
Optimisation of an Electrochemical DNA Sensor for Measuring KRAS G12D and G13D Point Mutations in Different Tumour Types |
|
| Bukola Attoye,Matthew J. Baker,Fiona Thomson,Chantevy Pou,Damion K. Corrigan | | Biosensors. 2021; 11(2): 42 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 11 |
Core Needle Biopsy Enhances the Activity of the CCL2/CCR2 Pathway in the Microenvironment of Invasive Breast Cancer |
|
| Marja Heiskala, Kristiina Joensuu, Päivi Heikkilä | | Onco. 2021; 2(1): 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 12 |
CANCER–INDUCED DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS |
|
| A. V. Shaposhnikov,O. I. Kit,E. A. Dzhenkova,K. V. Legostaeva | | Siberian journal of oncology. 2021; 20(4): 146 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 13 |
Updates on Clinical Use of Liquid Biopsy in Colorectal Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Follow-Up, and Treatment Guidance |
|
| Omayma Mazouji,Abdelhak Ouhajjou,Roberto Incitti,Hicham Mansour | | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2021; 9 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 14 |
Core needle biopsy wash as a tool for acquiring additional diagnostic material for laboratory testing |
|
| Wilfrido Mojica, Katherine Cwiklinski, Xiaobing Jin, Weiguo Liu, Donald Yergeau | | Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2021; : jclinpath- | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 15 |
Photodynamic therapy reduces metastasis of breast cancer by minimizing circulating tumor cells |
|
| Xiaofu Weng,Dan Wei,Zhangru Yang,Wen Pang,Kai Pang,Bobo Gu,Xunbin Wei | | Biomedical Optics Express. 2021; 12(7): 3878 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 16 |
Unravelling the roles of miRNAs in regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in osteosarcoma |
|
| Zhi Xiong Chong,Swee Keong Yeap,Wan Yong Ho | | Pharmacological Research. 2021; : 105818 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 17 |
Application and Importance of Theranostics in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer |
|
| Shareni Jeyamogan,Naveed Ahmed Khan,Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui | | Archives of Medical Research. 2021; 52(2): 131 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 18 |
Comparison of LI-RADS with other non-invasive liver MRI criteria and radiological opinion for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers using gadoxetic acid with histopathological explant correlation |
|
| C.G.D. Clarke,R. Albazaz,C.R. Smith,I. Rowe,D. Treanor,J.I. Wyatt,M.B. Sheridan,J.A. Guthrie | | Clinical Radiology. 2021; 76(5): 333 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 19 |
CRISPR/Cas9 based genome editing for targeted transcriptional control in triple-negative breast cancer |
|
| Desh Deepak Singh,Ihn Han,Eun-Ha Choi,Dharmendra Kumar Yadav | | Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. 2021; 19: 2384 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 20 |
Association between biopsy method and development of peritoneal metastases in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma |
|
| Victoria G. Aveson, Crisanta H. Ilagan, Joanne F. Chou, Mithat Gönen, Vinod P. Balachandran, Jeffrey A. Drebin, William R. Jarnagin, Alice C. Wei, T.P. Kingham, Michael I. D'Angelica | | HPB. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 21 |
Quest for Pan-Cancer Diagnosis/Prognosis Ends with HrC Test Measuring Oct4A in Peripheral Blood |
|
| VinayKumar Tripathi,Deepa Bhartiya,Ashok Vaid,Sagar Chhabria,Nripen Sharma,Bipin Chand,Vaishnavi Takle,Pratiksha Palahe,Ashish Tripathi | | Stem Cell Reviews and Reports. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 22 |
Intéręt des cytoponctions échoguidées lors de modifications échographiques diffuses de la rate : ŕ propos de quatre cas chez le chien |
|
| J.-P. Beaufils | | Revue Vétérinaire Clinique. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 23 |
Advances on Nanomedicines for Diagnosis and Theranostics of Hepatic Fibrosis |
|
| Xinghang Dai,Yujun Zeng,Hu Zhang,Zhongwei Gu,Qiyong Gong,Kui Luo | | Advanced NanoBiomed Research. 2021; 1(7): 2000091 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 24 |
Endoscopic tattooing: a risk for tumor implantation |
|
| Belinda Sun | | International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 25 |
The effects of incidental findings from whole-body MRI on the frequency of biopsies and detected malignancies or benign conditions in a general population cohort study |
|
| Adrian Richter,Elizabeth Sierocinski,Stephan Singer,Robin Bülow,Carolin Hackmann,Jean-François Chenot,Carsten Oliver Schmidt | | European Journal of Epidemiology. 2020; 35(10): 925 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 26 |
Integrated imaging and molecular analysis to decipher tumor microenvironment in the era of immunotherapy |
|
| Jia Wu,Aaron T. Mayer,Ruijiang Li | | Seminars in Cancer Biology. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 27 |
Noninvasive diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of brain tumour cell size for the early detection of therapeutic response |
|
| Thomas A. Roberts,Harpreet Hyare,Giulia Agliardi,Ben Hipwell,Angela d’Esposito,Andrada Ianus,James O. Breen-Norris,Rajiv Ramasawmy,Valerie Taylor,David Atkinson,Shonit Punwani,Mark F. Lythgoe,Bernard Siow,Sebastian Brandner,Jeremy Rees,Eleftheria Panagiotaki,Daniel C. Alexander,Simon Walker-Samuel | | Scientific Reports. 2020; 10(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 28 |
Tandem microfluidic chip isolation of prostate and breast cancer cells from simulated liquid biopsies using CD71 as an affinity ligand |
|
| Bhagya Wickramaratne,Dimitri Pappas | | RSC Advances. 2020; 10(54): 32628 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 29 |
To Be Taken in Count: Prostatic Tumor Cells Break Free upon Needle Biopsy |
|
| Massimo Saini,Nicola Aceto | | Clinical Chemistry. 2020; 66(1): 6 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 30 |
Cell free DNA: revolution in molecular diagnostics – the journey so far |
|
| Kajal Nandi,Rashmi Verma,Rajni Dawar,Binita Goswami | | Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation. 2020; 0(0) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 31 |
Inflammatory lesions and brain tumors: is it possible to differentiate them based on texture features in magnetic resonance imaging? |
|
| Allan Felipe Fattori Alves,José Ricardo de Arruda Miranda,Fabiano Reis,Sergio Augusto Santana de Souza,Luciana Luchesi Rodrigues Alves,Laisson de Moura Feitoza,José Thiago de Souza de Castro,Diana Rodrigues de Pina | | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases. 2020; 26 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 32 |
Optical Force Sensor With Enhanced Resolution for MRI Guided Biopsy |
|
| Dogangun Uzun,Okan Ulgen,Ozgur Kocaturk | | IEEE Sensors Journal. 2020; 20(16): 9202 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 33 |
A Temperature-Controlled Laser Hot Needle With Grating Sensor for Liver Tissue Tract Ablation |
|
| Hani Hareiza Abd Raziff,Daryl Tan,Kok-Sing Lim,Chai Hong Yeong,Yin How Wong,Basri Johan Jeet Abdullah,Norshazriman Sulaiman,Harith Ahmad | | IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 2020; 69(9): 7119 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 34 |
Fine needle biopsy of malignant tumors of the liver: a retrospective study of 624 cases from a single institution experience |
|
| Lin Zhang,Zhenjian Cai,Joe Rodriguez,Songlin Zhang,Jaiyeola Thomas,Hui Zhu | | Diagnostic Pathology. 2020; 15(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 35 |
Rare Abdominal Wall Metastasis following Curative Resection of Gastric Cancer: What Can Be Learned from the Use of Percutaneous Catheters? |
|
| Arthur A. Parsee,Kerry L. Thomas,Masoumeh Ghayouri,Rutika Mehta,Kujtim Latifi,Jennifer Sweeney,Daniel Jeong,Abraham Ahmed | | Case Reports in Oncological Medicine. 2020; 2020: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 36 |
Suspected pancreatic carcinoma needle tract seeding in a cat |
|
| Selvi Jegatheeson, Julien RS Dandrieux, Claire M Cannon | | Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports. 2020; 6(1): 2055116920 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 37 |
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles: reliable tools for Cancer diagnosis and clinical applications |
|
| Reza Rahbarghazi,Nasrollah Jabbari,Neda Abbaspour Sani,Rahim Asghari,Leila Salimi,Sadegh Asghari Kalashani,Maryam Feghhi,Tahereh Etemadi,Elinaz Akbariazar,Mahmoud Mahmoudi,Jafar Rezaie | | Cell Communication and Signaling. 2019; 17(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 38 |
High-resolution endomicroscopy with a spectrally encoded miniature objective |
|
| Hamin Jeon,Michal E. Pawlowski,Tomasz S. Tkaczyk | | Biomedical Optics Express. 2019; 10(3): 1432 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 39 |
Optimized Autofluorescence Spectral Signature for Non-Invasive Diagnostics of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN) |
|
| Abbas Habibalahi,Alexandra Allende,Chandra Bala,Ayad G. Anwer,Subhas Mukhopadhyay,Ewa M. Goldys | | IEEE Access. 2019; 7: 141343 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 40 |
Novel automated non invasive detection of ocular surface squamous neoplasia using multispectral autofluorescence imaging |
|
| Abbas Habibalahi,Chandra Bala,Alexandra Allende,Ayad G. Anwer,Ewa M. Goldys | | The Ocular Surface. 2019; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 41 |
Comparative analysis of the human serum N-glycome in lung cancer, COPD and their comorbidity using capillary electrophoresis |
|
| Brigitta Mészáros,Gábor Járvás,Anna Farkas,Márton Szigeti,Zsuzsanna Kovács,Renáta Kun,Miklós Szabó,Eszter Csánky,András Guttman | | Journal of Chromatography B. 2019; : 121913 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 42 |
Personalized medicine: From diagnostic to adaptive |
|
| Zachary Braig | | Biomedical Journal. 2019; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 43 |
Tumor-proximal liquid biopsy to improve diagnostic and prognostic performances of circulating tumor cells |
|
| Etienne Buscail,Laurence Chiche,Christophe Laurent,Véronique Vendrely,Quentin Denost,Jérôme Denis,Matthieu Thumerel,Jean-Marc Lacorte,Aurélie Bedel,François Moreau-Gaudry,Sandrine Dabernat,Catherine Alix-Panabičres | | Molecular Oncology. 2019; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 44 |
Recent trends on the development of systems for cancer diagnosis and treatment by microfluidic technology |
|
| Ana Cristina Q. Silva,Carla Vilela,Hélder A. Santos,Armando J.D. Silvestre,Carmen S.R. Freire | | Applied Materials Today. 2019; : 100450 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 45 |
Is invasion a necessary step for metastases in breast cancer? |
|
| Steven A. Narod,Victoria Sopik | | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 46 |
Potential impact of invasive surgical procedures on primary tumor growth and metastasis |
|
| Maria Alieva,Jacco van Rheenen,Marike L. D. Broekman | | Clinical & Experimental Metastasis. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 47 |
Exosomal miRNAs as novel cancer biomarkers: Challenges and opportunities |
|
| Mahsa Salehi,Mohammadreza Sharifi | | Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 48 |
When and how should we perform a biopsy for HCC in patients with liver cirrhosis in 2018? A review |
|
| Francesco Paolo Russo,Angela Imondi,Erica Nicola Lynch,Fabio Farinati | | Digestive and Liver Disease. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 49 |
Recurrence of Ventral Skull Base Lesions Attributed to Tumor Seeding: A Systematic Review |
|
| Brandon Nguyen,Michael Blasco,Peter F. Svider,Ho-Sheng Lin,James K. Liu,Jean Anderson Eloy,Adam J. Folbe | | World Neurosurgery. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 50 |
Needle-shaped ultrathin piezoelectric microsystem for guided tissue targeting via mechanical sensing |
|
| Xinge Yu,Heling Wang,Xin Ning,Rujie Sun,Hassan Albadawi,Marcela Salomao,Alvin C. Silva,Yang Yu,Limei Tian,Ahyeon Koh,Chan Mi Lee,Aditya Chempakasseril,Peilin Tian,Matt Pharr,Jianghong Yuan,Yonggang Huang,Rahmi Oklu,John A. Rogers | | Nature Biomedical Engineering. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 51 |
Palpating biopsy needles |
|
| Pengfei Song,James F. Greenleaf | | Nature Biomedical Engineering. 2018; 2(3): 142 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 52 |
The dynamics of HER2 status in esophageal adenocarcinoma |
|
| Aafke Creemers,Eva A. Ebbing,Gerrit K.J. Hooijer,Lisanne Stap,Rajni A. Jibodh-Mulder,Susanne S. Gisbertz,Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen,Maurits L. van Montfoort,Maarten C.C.M. Hulshof,Kausilia K. Krishnadath,Martijn G.H. van Oijen,Maarten F. Bijlsma,Sybren L. Meijer,Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven | | Oncotarget. 2018; 9(42): 26787 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 53 |
Prevention of tumor seeding during needle biopsy by chemotherapeutic-releasing gelatin sticks |
|
| Ren-Yuan Bai,Verena Staedtke,Xuewei Xia,Gregory J. Riggins | | Oncotarget. 2017; 8(16): 25955 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 54 |
Circulating Tumor DNA Mutation Profiling by Targeted Next Generation Sequencing Provides Guidance for Personalized Treatments in Multiple Cancer Types |
|
| Yongqian Shu,Xue Wu,Xiaoling Tong,Xiaonan Wang,Zhili Chang,Yu Mao,Xiaofeng Chen,Jing Sun,Zhenxin Wang,Zhuan Hong,Liangjun Zhu,Chunrong Zhu,Jun Chen,Ying Liang,Huawu Shao,Yang W. Shao | | Scientific Reports. 2017; 7(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 55 |
Synchrotron tomographic images from human lung adenocarcinoma: Three-dimensional reconstruction and histologic correlations |
|
| Eunjue Yi,Sung-Mi Han,Ji-Eun Chang,Hong-Tae Kim,Jong-Ki Kim,Seung-Jun Seo,Jin-Haeng Chung,Sanghoon Jheon | | Microscopy Research and Technique. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 56 |
Metabolism in cancer metastasis: bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and beyond |
|
| Shao Thing Teoh,Sophia Y. Lunt | | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicine. 2017; : e1406 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 57 |
Tumoral Dissemination Along the Screw Trajectory in Percutaneous Osteosynthesis and Cementoplasty: A Non-described Complication |
|
| Ana Gjorgjievska Delov,Geoffroy Farrou,Amine Bouhamama,Frank Pilleul,Charles Mastier | | CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 58 |
Early treatment response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is associated with time to the development of extrahepatic metastasis and overall survival in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
| Sung Won Lee,Hae Lim Lee,Nam Ik Han,Jeong Won Jang,Si Hyun Bae,Jong Young Choi,Seung Kew Yoon | | Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 59 |
Can Breast Cancer biopsy influence sentinel lymph node status? |
|
| Michela Giuliani,Federica Patrolecco,Rossella Rella,Silvia Eleonora Di Giovanni,Amato Infante,Pierluigi Rinaldi,Maurizio Romani,Antonino Mulč,Damiano Arciuolo,Paolo Belli,Lorenzo Bonomo | | Clinical Breast Cancer. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 60 |
Towards a histological depiction in 3D imaging PET |
|
| Marios Poulos,Theodoros Felekis,Angeliki Poulou | | Journal of Medical Hypotheses and Ideas. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 61 |
Perioperative circulating tumor cell detection: current perspectives |
|
| Jussuf T. Kaifi,Guangfu Li,Gary Clawson,Eric T. Kimchi,Kevin F. Staveley-OćCarroll | | Cancer Biology & Therapy. 2016; : 00 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 62 |
Laparoscopic Treatment of a Retroduodenopancreatic Endometriotic Cyst Observed Postpartum |
|
| Giuseppe Piccinni,Giuseppe Massimiliano De Luca,Stefano Lafranceschina,Antonio Biondi,Andrea Marzullo,Angela Gurrado,Mario Testini | | Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 63 |
Tumor-Like Liver Abscess Mimicking Malignancy With Lung Metastases in a Patient With Acute Renal Failure |
|
| Chih Hsin Wang,Cheuk-Kay Sun,Jiunn-Song Jiang,Ming Hsien Tsai | | Medicine. 2016; 95(11): e3145 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 64 |
Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: Non-invasive assessment |
|
| Rustam N Karanjia,Mary M E Crossey,I Jane Cox,Haddy K S Fye,Ramou Njie,Robert D Goldin,Simon D Taylor-Robinson | | World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2016; 22(45): 9880 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 65 |
Circulating Tumour DNA: a Minimally Invasive Biomarker for Tumour Detection and Stratification |
|
| Arif Surani,Krzysztof Poterlowicz | | British Journal of Pharmacy. 2016; 1(1): 3 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 66 |
Circulating tumor cell isolation during resection of colorectal cancer lung and liver metastases: a prospective trial with different detection techniques |
|
| Jussuf T Kaifi,Miriam Kunkel,Avisnata Das,Ramdane A Harouaka,David T Dicker,Guangfu Li,Junjia Zhu,Gary A Clawson,Zhaohai Yang,Michael F Reed,Niraj J Gusani,Eric T Kimchi,Kevin F Staveley-OćCarroll,Si-Yang Zheng,Wafik S El-Deiry | | Cancer Biology & Therapy. 2015; 16(5): 699 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 67 |
Investigation of ectopic recurrent skull base and cervical chordomas: The Institut Curiećs proton therapy center experience |
|
| Guillaume Vogin,Valentin Calugaru,Stéphanie Bolle,Bernard George,Guillaume Oldrini,Jean-Louis Habrand,Hamid Mammar,Rémi Dendale,Julia Salleron,Georges Noël,Loďc Feuvret | | Head & Neck. 2015; : n/a | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 68 |
Vascular invasion in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma with underlying cirrhosis: possible associations with ascites and hepatitis B viral factors? |
|
| Chuan Chen,Dong-Ping Chen,Yan-Yan Gu,Liang-Hao Hu,Dan Wang,Jin-Huan Lin,Zhao-Shen Li,Jing Xu,Ge Wang | | Tumor Biology. 2015; 36(8): 6255 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|